薄膜的電暈放電使其表面產生極性基團增加表面能，提高該薄膜的浸潤性和粘合性。電暈處理時主要的化學機理是氧化作用同時還產生一定的表面交聯區而提高粘接強度。

薄膜需粘合、印刷、擠出涂(tu)層、金屬化(hua)、復合和熱封時表面(mian)就要處(chu)理(li)(li)。在眾多的(de)處(chu)理(li)(li)辦法(fa)中工(gong)業上(shang)廣泛采(cai)用的(de)是電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)放電(dian)(dian)處(chu)理(li)(li)法(fa)。電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)處(chu)理(li)(li)聚(ju)合物(wu)表面(mian)能提(ti)高牯接強(qiang)度的(de)理(li)(li)論有(you)：生成了永久極(ji)(ji)化(hua)的(de)駐極(ji)(ji)體(ti)、排除了弱鍵層、提(ti)高了表面(mian)粗糙度、氧化(hua)后引人(ren)了極(ji)(ji)性(xing)基團等。那么(me)電(dian)(dian)暈(yun)放電(dian)(dian)的(de)本質是什么(me)呢?

電(dian)暈放電(dian)的本(ben)質(zhi)

空氣(qi)(qi)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)情況下是良好的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)絕緣介(jie)質，但它處于(yu)(yu)(yu)足夠強的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場中時會被(bei)擊穿即空氣(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)化而傳(chuan)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。迅速放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)會在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧或火花，若將一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)固體(ti)薄(bo)膜置于(yu)(yu)(yu)兩電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，中斷了導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通路不再產(chan)生(sheng)局部的(de)(de)(de)熾熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)弧而在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極間(jian)擴(kuo)散成輝光，這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)在(zai)大氣(qi)(qi)壓下空氣(qi)(qi)帶蘭色(se)光的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)稱為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)現(xian)象(xiang)起源于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極間(jian)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)中存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)少數雜散電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，若兩極問施高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，產(chan)生(sheng)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場能(neng)(neng)加速電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)朝正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極沖(chong)擊途中的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，撞出分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)中的(de)(de)(de)軌道電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，留下正(zheng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)另一(yi)(yi)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)可繼續沖(chong)擊其(qi)它分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。另一(yi)(yi)方面(mian)(mian)沖(chong)擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)能(neng)(neng)提高軌道電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)至不穩定狀態使其(qi)在(zai)更高能(neng)(neng)量的(de)(de)(de)軌道上成為受激(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，很快地(di)就在(zai)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)中充滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、正(zheng)離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、受激(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)、熱(re)和(he)光，這(zhe)(zhe)些就是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)現(xian)象(xiang)。受激(ji)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是不穩定的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)自(zi)發(fa)地(di)分(fen)(fen)(fen)解成自(zi)由基、離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)光子(zi)(zi)(zi)。因此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時極性(xing)(xing)基團(tuan)能(neng)(neng)引人聚(ju)合物(wu)(wu)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)形(xing)成高的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)能(neng)(neng)和(he)強的(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)接力。例如(ru)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)含(han)氧(yang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈(yun)是一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)活性(xing)(xing)氧(yang)的(de)(de)(de)混合物(wu)(wu)存在(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)——包括元素(su)氧(yang)0、臭氧(yang)03和(he)活性(xing)(xing)氧(yang)02，高度(du)活性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)能(neng)(neng)迅速地(di)與分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)反(fan)應，最(zui)終就在(zai)薄(bo)膜表(biao)面(mian)(mian)形(xing)成含(han)氧(yang)官能(neng)(neng)團(tuan)。

提(ti)高(gao)電暈放(fang)(fang)電時的功率就(jiu)會產生更多的離(li)子(zi)且能(neng)提(ti)高(gao)粒子(zi)的平(ping)均動(dong)能(neng)，由(you)薄膜表面的離(li)子(zi)能(neng)量(liang)大小(xiao)反映(ying)電暈處理的程度(du)。提(ti)高(gao)相對濕(shi)度(du)時放(fang)(fang)電能(neng)量(liang)就(jiu)增加，因此在高(gao)濕(shi)度(du)下放(fang)(fang)電處理會成比側地提(ti)高(gao)含羧基官能(neng)團的濃度(du)。在表面產生極性化學基團就(jiu)能(neng)提(ti)高(gao)它的粘合力(li)和(he)對其它材料浸潤性。

電(dian)(dian)暈放電(dian)(dian)處理能改(gai)變(bian)聚烯烴薄膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)構型(xing)，表(biao)面(mian)構型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)可用掃描(miao)電(dian)(dian)子顯微(wei)鏡(SEM)觀察而表(biao)面(mian)構型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)也(ye)會影(ying)響薄膜(mo)粘(zhan)合性能。電(dian)(dian)暈放電(dian)(dian)也(ye)是一種高(gao)能量的(de)(de)(de)粒子轟擊薄膜(mo)表(biao)面(mian)，表(biao)面(mian)上會生成微(wei)小的(de)(de)(de)斑點，它(ta)即(ji)是提高(gao)粘(zhan)合作用的(de)(de)(de)物理因素在(zai)空氣(qi)中進行電(dian)(dian)暈處理可使薄膜(mo)表(biao)面(mian)粗化(hua)。

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